Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development
Author: Duane Brown
“The text is internationally known as the ‘Bible’ of Career and Vocational Training. Any enhancement to the text would be ‘icing’ on the cake.” –Bill Bauer, Marietta College
“The textbook offers a comprehensive view of career counseling for the counseling students as well as the professional career counselor/specialist. The content is readable for the student and beginner counselor as well as the seasoned counselor.” –Karen Rowland, Valdosta State University
Now in its ninth edition, Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development is a comprehensive, up-to-date text written by a leading expert in the field. Author Duane Brown addresses career development theory, career information, career counseling practice, and career development programming in extensive detail, also discussing practical use of current theories and how they are applied to specific cultures and ethnicities. This accessible text is replete with essential references as well as helpful tips about using the Internet in career counseling.
Features new to this edition include
-A stronger focus on technology, cross-cultural issues, and theoretical application.
-A new chapter on ethics in career counseling and additional emphasis on postmodern theories.
-A chapter on schools that has been revised substantially in accordance with the ASCA National Model.
-An extended “how to” section on using O*NET and ASVAB career exploration systems.
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Table of Contents:
Each chapter concludes with “Summary” and “References.”
Preface
I. OVERVIEW.
1. Introduction to Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development.
Career Development at a Crossroads
History of Vocational Guidance and Career Development
The Need for Career Development Services
High School Students and Need
Displaced Persons
In Summary
Education and Work: Out of Poverty
The Language of Career Development
Defining Position, Job, Occupation, Career, and Career Development
Career Interventions Defined
Organizations and Publications
The Meaning of Work
Why People Work
The Future of Work
II. CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY AND ITS APPLICATION WITH DIVERSE GROUPS.
2. Trait-and-Factor and Developmental Theories of Career Choice and Development and Their Applications.
The Purposes and Evaluation of Theory
A History of Career Development Theorizing
Introduction to the Theories
Trait-and-Factor Theories
Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice
Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA)
A Values-Based Theory of Occupational Choice
Variables That Influence Career Choice and Satisfaction
Propositions of Brown’s Values-Based Theory
Developmental Theories
Super’s Life Span, Life Space Theory
Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise
3. Learning Theory—Based,Postmodern, Socioeconomic, and Decision-Making Theories and Their Applications.
Theories Based in Learning Theory
Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory
A Social Cognitive Perspective
A Career Information—Processing Model of Career Choice
Postmodern Theories
A Contextualist Theory of Career
Complexity, Chaos, and Nonlinear Dynamics: A Chaos Theory of Career Development and Spirituality
Postmodern Career Counseling
A Second Approach to Postmodern Career Counseling: Solution-Focused Brief Career Counseling (SFBCC)
Socioeconomic Theories
Status Attainment Theory
Dual Labor Market Theory
Race, Gender, and Career
Theories of Decision Making
Status and Use of Decision-Making Theories
4. A Values-Based, Multicultural Approach to Career Counseling and Advocacy
Career Counseling Defined.
Foundation of the Values-Based Approach
Values-Based Multicultural Career Counseling (VBMCC)
Step 1: Assessing Cultural Variables
Step 2: Communication Style and Establishing the Relationship
Step 3: Facilitation the Decision-Making Process
Step 4: The Identifications of Career Issues (Assessment)
Steps 5 and 6: The Establishment of Culturally Appropriate Goals and the Selection of Culturally Appropriate Interventions
Step 7: The Implementation and Evaluation of the Interventions Used
Step 8: Advocacy
Application of the Model to Group Career Counseling
Developing Your Own Theory
5. Clients with Special Needs.
Individuals with Disabilities
Career Counseling for Individuals with Disabilities
Career Counseling for Individuals with Mental Illness
Women in the Workforce
Career Counseling for Women
Displaced Workers
Career Counseling for Displaced Workers
The Economically Disadvantaged
Career Counseling for the Economically Disadvantaged
Cultural and Ethnic Minorities
African Americans
Hispanic Americans
Asian Americans
Native Americans
Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Individuals
Summing Up Cultural Issues
Delayed Entrants
Former Military Personnel
Ex-Offenders
Midlife Job Changers
Voluntary Changers
Older Workers
6. Testing and Assessment in Career Development.
Personal-Psychological Characteristics
Aptitude
Interests
Personality
Values
Background
Clinical, Quantitative, and Qualitative Approaches to Assessment
Quantitative Assessment
Qualitative Assessment and Constructivist Theory
Quantitative and Objective Assessment Devices
Selecting Assessment Devices
Technical Qualities
Gender and Culture Bias
Other Issues
Interpreting Test and Inventory Results
III. FINDING AND USING EDUCATIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION.
7. Finding, Organizing, and Using Occupational Information.
Two Types of Information about Work
Subtypes of Information
The Pros and Cons of Different Types of Information
Occupational Information: Print and Online
Educational Information: Print and Online
Audiovisual Materials and Games
Children’s Materials
Career Information Delivery Systems (CIDS)
Interviews with Workers
Career Day
Career Conferences
Post-High School Opportunity Programs
Simulation of Work Environments
Direct Experiences: Job Shadowing, Exploration, and Tryout
Career Resource Centers
Basic Criteria
Establishing and Renovating CRCs
Criteria for Collecting Material
Initiating a Collection
8. Using Technology in Career Assessment, Career Exploration, and Career Counseling.
Basic Technological Competencies
The Roles of Computer Technology in Career Development
Internet-Based Career Exploration Systems
O*NET Online
ASVAB Career Exploration Program
CACGS
Career Information System (CIS)
Guidance Information System (GIS)
DISCOVER
System of Interactive Guidance and Information (SIGI)
Other Systems
Present Status of CACGS
Using the Internet to Provide Career Counseling and Assessment
Assessment Devices Online
IV. PREPARING FOR AND ENTERING THE WORKPLACE.
9. Preparing for Work.
High School and Preparation for Work
Vocational Education
Work Experience Programs
Academies
Outside the Classroom–No Diploma Required
On-the-Job Training
Job Training Partnership Act as Amended by STWOA of 1994
The Job Corps
Outside the Classroom–High School Diploma Preferred or Required
Apprenticeship Programs
Military Training
Postsecondary Nondegree Schools
Trade, Vocational, and Technical Schools
Community Colleges and Junior Colleges
Colleges and Universities
Admissions Requirements
Factors to Consider in Choosing a College
Gaining Admission to College: An Application Strategy
Accreditation
Financial Aid
Sources of Information
Continuing Education
10. Job Placement, Outplacement, and the Job-Search Process.
Job Placement Services
Public Employment Services
Private Employment Agencies
Secondary and Postsecondary School Placement Services
Online Job Placement Centers
Outplacement Services
Employability Skills
People with Disabilities
Executing the Job Search
Step 1: Taking Inventory of Self and Skills
Step 2: Investigating the Job Market
Step 3: Developing Employability Skills
V. CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS.
11. Designing and Implementing Comprehensive K—12 Career Development Programs within the Framework of the ASCA National Model.
Historical Background
The ASCA Model of Career Development
The Process of Program Development
Gaining Administrative Support
Establishing Preconditions
Forming a Planning Committee
Needs Assessment
Writing Goals and Objectives, and Establishing Criteria for Success
Planning the Career Development Program
Addressing the Issue: Program Implementation
Selecting a Management System
Planning and Implementing the Guidance Curriculum
Planning and Implementing Individual Student Planning
Assessment
The End Product
Planning and Implementing Responsive Services
Planning and Implementing Evaluation and Accountability: Some General Considerations
Program Planning Tips: Elementary
Program Planning Tips: Middle School
Careers Classes
Involving Parents
Program Planning Tips: High School
Targeting High School Students with Special Needs
Involving Community Resources in the Program
12. Career Development in Community and Four-Year Colleges and Vocational—Technical Schools.
Students
The Institutions
Career Development Programs
Developing the Program
Specific Activities
Advising
Courses
Brief Interventions
Self-Directed Activities
Internships
Information
Consultation
Career Counseling
Career Resource Centers
Major Fairs
Peer Counseling Programs
Assessment
Program Evaluation
VI. UNDERSTANDING THE LABOR MARKET.
13. Trends in the Labor Market and the Factors That Shape Them.
Causes of Long-Term Trends
Technology
The Global Economy
Other Economic Factors
Population Factors
The Size of Government
Causes of Short-Term Trends
The Occupational World through 2012
Projections for the Future
Practical Implications
Sources of Information on Change and Structure
14. Understanding and Using Occupational Classification Systems.
Dictionary of Occupational Titles
The Content Model: Definitions
Development of the Classification System
Development and Presentation of the Database
Using O*NET
Other Systems
Holland’s Classification System
The World-of-Work Map
Standard Occupational Classification
North American Industry Classification System
VII. CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR.
15. Career Development in Business.
Programming for Career Development
Rationale
Initiating the Program
Early Steps
Needs Assessment
Designing the Program
The Essential Components
Program Implementation
Benefits
16. Career Counselors in Private Practice: Counseling, Coaching, Consulting, and Beyond.
Qualifications
Guidelines for Consumers
Career Coaching
Establishing a Private Practice
Types of Services
Location of the Office
Services to Be Offered
Marketing the Service
Budgeting
Fees
Billing
Other Business Details
VIII. TRENDS AND ISSUES IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT.
17. Ethics and the Competencies and Credentials Needed for Career Development Practice.
Principle 1: Above All, Do No Harm (Section A.4.4)
Principle 2: Be Competent (Sections C.2.a, b, c, d)
Principle 3: Respect the Clients’ Right to Choose Their Own Directions (Section A.4.b)
Principle 4: Honor Your Responsibilities (Section C)
Principle 5: Make Accurate Public Statements (Section C.3)
Principle 6: Respect Counselors and Practitioners from Other Professions (Section D)
Principle 7: Advocate for Clients in Need (Section A.6.a)
The Competencies Needed by Career Counselors (NCDA, 1997a)
Minimum Competencies
Professional Preparation
Ethical Responsibilities
Career Counseling Competencies and Performance Indicators
Career Development Theory
Individual and Group Counseling Skills
Individual/Group Assessment
Information/Resources
Program Management and Implementation
Coaching, Consultation, and Performance Improvement
Diverse Populations
Supervision
Ethical/Legal Issues
Research/Evaluation
Technology
18. Trends and Issues in Career Information, Career Development, and Career Development Programming.
Trends: Career Information
Trends: The Job Hunt
Trends: Career Counseling
Trends: Career Development Programming
Appendix: Classroom Guidance Unit (by Clarke Lambeth)
Name Index.
Subject Index.
Joining Together: Group Theory and Group Skills
Author: David Johnson
This best-selling text presents a broad, integrative overview of group dynamics presented in a well-researched, readable, and experiential format. This text introduces readers to the theory and research findings needed to understand how to make groups effective, and it helps build the skills required to apply that knowledge in practical situations. More than a textbook, Joining Together illustrates how this knowledge and mastery of skills creates choices, opportunities, and successes for each individual. No competing text offers the scope of coverage and the range of experiential exercises you'll find in Joining Together.
New to this Edition: The entire text has been extensively edited and designed to ensure a concise and readable presentation. References and citations have been updated throughout the text to guarantee the most current and useful research information available. Chapter 3, "Group Goals," has been revised to update the discussions of cooperation and competition and trust. Chapter 4, "Leadership," incorporates the latest theories and research on effective small group research and illustrates the application of the theory to practical situations in a variety of settings. Chapter 9, "Managing Conflict of Interests," now includes the latest and most exciting theory and research on the constructive resolution of conflict, with special attention to the topics of negotiation and mediation. Chapter 8, "Controversy and Creativity," has been thoroughly revised to update the discussion of creativity and its relationship to effective group problem solving. New chapter objectives, quizzes, and PowerPoints are available to adopters online by contacting your local representative.
Booknews
Combines theoretical and empirical knowledge with practical ways to apply it in a group situation, and offers a wealth of experiential exercises and simulations in worksheet form with space for answers. After chapters on basic concepts in group dynamics and experiential learning, coverage includes group goals, communication within groups, leadership, using power, and decision making, controversy, diversity, leading growth and counseling groups, and team development. This seventh edition takes into account changes in the field in the past two years. David W. Johnson is affiliated with the University of Minnesota. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Table of Contents:
| Preface | ||
| 1 | Group Dynamics | 3 |
| 2 | Experiential Learning | 49 |
| 3 | Group Goals and Social Interdependence | 71 |
| 4 | Communication Within Groups | 139 |
| 5 | Leadership | 177 |
| 6 | Decision Making | 227 |
| 7 | Controversy and Creativity | 285 |
| 8 | Conflict of Interests | 333 |
| 9 | The Use of Power | 401 |
| 10 | Dealing With Diversity | 443 |
| 11 | Leading Learning and Discussion Groups | 467 |
| 12 | Leading Growth and Counseling Groups | 485 |
| 13 | Team Development, Team Training | 505 |
| Epilogue | 543 | |
| Appendix: Answers | 547 | |
| Glossary | 561 | |
| References | 573 | |
| Index | 595 |
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